Will Wired Belts Become the New Rust Belts?

AI and the Emerging Geography of American Job Risk: Appendix

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AI Job Exposure Across the United States: 4 Major Analyses

By Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Area

Sources: Digital Planet, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; Eloundou et al. (2023); Felten et al. (2018); Brynjolfsson et al (2018)

AI Job Loss Vulnerability at the State Level

Sources: Digital Planet, The Fletcher School, Tufts University; Anthropic Economic Index (2025); Tomlinson et al. (2025); The State of State Digital Transformation – Digital Government Hub (2025)

Digital Transformation Related Executive Orders included are those enacted since 2013 that shape the digital transformation of government across states and territories.

AI-Related legislation includes the following categories of bills: bills that broadly regulate state agencies’ use of AI; bills that specifically regulate the use of automated decision-making, particularly in human services or benefits programs; and bills that establish the role of a Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer (or a similar role or team).

Find the methodology here and the data here.

This study was conducted by Bhaskar Chakravorti, Christina Filipovic, and Abidemi Adisa. Graduate Student Analysts Max Agigian, Turan Tashkin and Utsav Subramani worked on this analysis under their guidance. Graduate Student Analysts Elise Torche, Mitakshi Lakhani, Veeradittya Podder, and Shubhangi Thakur contributed to this research.